Ho utloisisoa hore ts'oaetso ea mosebetsi oa matsoho e baka hoo e ka bang 5% ea kotsi eohle ea indasteri, 'me e ikarabella bakeng sa 50% ea mahlomola lipetleleng tsa mahlo.Mme mafapha a mang a indasteri a phahame joalo ka 34%.Ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso, mabaka a tloaelehileng a ho lematsa mahlo a indasteri a kenyelletsa kotsi ea mahlo a kantle ho 'mele, kotsi ea mahlo ea lik'hemik'hale, kotsi ea mahlo a non-ionizing, kotsi ea mahlo a ionizing, microwave le laser eye lemala.Ka lebaka la boteng ba likotsi tsena, likhalase tse sireletsang li tlameha ho apesoa nakong ea tlhahiso, 'me likhalase tse sireletsang li bohlokoa haholo!
1. Ho lemala ha leihlo la 'mele osele
Likotsi tsa mahlo tsa 'mele osele ke tse sebetsanang le ho sila litšepe;ho seha lintho tse se nang tšepe kapa tšepe e entsoeng ka tšepe;ho hula le ho lokisa litšepe ka lithulusi tsa letsoho, lisebelisoa tsa motlakase tse nkehang, le lisebelisoa tsa moea;li-rivets kapa li-screw;li-boilers tsa ho itšeha kapa tsa ho hlakola;lejoe le pshatlang kapa konkreite, joalo-joalo, lintho tse tsoang linaheng tse ling tse kang likaroloana tsa lehlabathe le lisebelisoa tsa tšepe li kena mahlong kapa li ama sefahleho.
2. Tšenyo ea mahlo a mahlaseli a sa ionizing
Ho tjheseletsa motlakase, ho seha oksijene, seboping, ho sebetsa ha khalase, ho kolobisoa ho chesang le ho lahlela le libakeng tse ling, mohloli oa mocheso o ka hlahisa leseli le matla, mahlaseli a ultraviolet le a infrared ho 1050 ~ 2150 ℃.Mahlaseli a UV a ka baka conjunctivitis, photophobia, bohloko, ho tabola, blepharitis le matšoao a mang.Hobane hangata e hlaha ho li-welders tsa motlakase, hangata e bitsoa "electrooptic ophthalmia", e leng lefu le tloaelehileng la mahlo mosebetsing indastering.
3. Tšenyo ea Mahlo a Ionizing Radiation
Mahlaseli a Ionizing haholo-holo a hlaha indastering ea matla a athomo, limela tsa matla a nyutlelie (joaloka limela tsa matla a nyutlelie, likepe tse tsamaeang ka tlas'a metsi tsa nyutlelie), nyutlelie, liteko tsa fisiks ea matla a phahameng, tlhahlobo ea lefapha la bongaka, tlhahlobo ea isotope le phekolo le libaka tse ling.Ho pepesehela mahlaseli a ionizing ka mahlo ho ka ba le liphello tse tebileng.Ha tekanyo ea kakaretso e kenngoa ho feta 2 Gy, batho ka bomong ba qala ho ba le lefu la mahlo, 'me liketsahalo li eketseha ka ho eketseha ha tekanyo ea kakaretso.
4. Likotsi tsa mahlo a microwave le laser
Li-microwave li ka baka ho putlama ha likristale ka lebaka la litlamorao tsa mocheso, tse lebisang ho hlaheng ha "cataracts".Laser projection on the retina e ka baka cheso, 'me lasers e kholo ho feta 0.1 μW e ka boela ea baka ho tsoa mali mahlong, ho hoama ha protheine, ho qhibiliha le bofofu.
5. Tšenyo ea mahlo (sefahleho) ea lik'hemik'hale
Mokelikeli oa acid-base le mosi o senyang ts'ebetsong ea tlhahiso o kena mahlong kapa o ama letlalo la sefahleho, e leng se ka bakang cheso ho cornea kapa letlalo la sefahleho.Li-splash, nitrites, le alkalis e matla li ka baka ho chesoa ha mahlo ho matla, kaha alkalis e phunyeletsa habonolo ho feta li-acids.
Ke lokela ho ela hloko eng ha ke sebelisa likhalase tse sireletsang?
1. Likhalase tse sirelelitsoeng tse khethiloeng li tlameha ho hlahlojoa le ho tšoaneleha ke mokhatlo oa tlhahlobo ea lihlahisoa;
2. Bophara le boholo ba likhalase tse sireletsang li lokela ho ba tse loketseng sefahleho sa mosebedisi;
3. Ho roala ka thata ha lense le ho senyeha ha foreimi ho tla ama pono ea motho ea sebetsang 'me e lokela ho nkeloa sebaka ka nako;
4. Likhalase tse sireletsang li lokela ho sebelisoa ke basebetsi ba khethehileng ho thibela tšoaetso ea mafu a mahlo;
5. Li-filters le maqephe a sireletsang a likhalase tsa ts'ireletso ea welding li lokela ho khethoa le ho nkeloa sebaka ho latela litlhoko tse boletsoeng tsa ts'ebetso;
6. Thibela ho oa ho matla le khatello e matla, 'me u thibele lintho tse thata ho hohla lilense le limaske.
Nako ea poso: Oct-20-2022